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The California Art Club (CAC) is one of the oldest and most active arts organizations in
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
. Founded in December 1909, it celebrated its centennial in 2009 and into the spring of 2010. The California Art Club originally evolved out of The Painters Club of Los Angeles, a short-lived group that lasted from 1906–09. The new organization was more inclusive, as it accepted women, sculptors and out-of-state artists.Antony Anderson, Exit the Painters’ Club, Los Angeles Times, December 12, 1909, III17 Most of the major early California painters belonged to the CAC, including Franz Bischoff,
Carl Oscar Borg Carl Oscar (or Oskar) Borg (March 3, 1879 – May 8, 1947) was a Swedish-born painter who settled in the United States and became known for views of California and the SouthWest. Biography Carl Oscar Borg was born into a poor family in Grinsta ...
, Edgar Payne,
Julia Bracken Wendt Julia Bracken Wendt, (1870–1942) a notable American sculptor, was born on June 10, 1871 in Apple River, Illinois, the twelfth of thirteen children in an Irish Catholic family.Rubenstein, Charlotte Streifer, ‘’American Women Sculptors: A H ...
, and
William Wendt William Wendt (February 20, 1865, Bentzen, Kingdom of Prussia – December 29, 1946, Laguna Beach) was a German-born American landscape painter. He was called the "Dean of Southern California landscape painters." *Bronze Medal, Buffalo Expositi ...
. As the members of the first generation of California Plein-Air Painters aged and died, the membership was filled by younger professional painters, including
Millard Sheets Millard Owen Sheets (June 24, 1907 – March 31, 1989) was an American artist, teacher, and architectural designer. He was one of the earliest of the California Scene Painting artists and helped define the art movement. Many of his large-scale bu ...
,
Mabel Alvarez Mabel Alvarez (November 28, 1891 – March 13, 1985) was an American painter. Her works, often introspective and spiritual in nature, and her style is considered a contributing factor to the Southern California Modernism and California Impressio ...
,Alvarez participated in CAC exhibitions from 1918–37.
Emil Kosa Jr. Emil Kosa Jr. (November 28, 1903 – November 4, 1968) was an American artist of Czech origin. He was the art director of 20th Century Pictures's special effects department for more than three decades, winning an Academy Award for Best Visual E ...
, and watercolorist
Rex Brandt Rexford Elson Brandt (August 12, 1914 – March 21, 2000) was an American artist and educator. Much of his oeuvre consists of paintings inspired by the life and geography of the West Coast of the United States, particularly California. Brandt wo ...
, along with amateur painters and commercial artists. Other notable members include
Sir Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and again from 1 ...
,
Dean Cornwell Dean may refer to: People * Dean (given name) * Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin * Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk * Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean Titles * ...
, Nicolai Fechin, Sam Hyde Harris,
Alfredo Ramos Martinez Alfredo (, ) is a cognate of the Anglo-Saxon name Alfred and a common Italian, Galician, Portuguese and Spanish language personal name. People with the given name include: * Alfredo (born 1946), Brazilian footballer born as Alfredo Mostarda F ...
, and
Richard Neutra Richard Joseph Neutra ( ; April 8, 1892 – April 16, 1970) was an Austrian-American architect. Living and building for the majority of his career in Southern California, he came to be considered a prominent and important modernist architect. H ...
. Today its membership consists of representational artists and sculptors, but it is broadly inclusive and includes many women painters as well as painters and sculptors who emigrated to the United States from Europe and Asia. The CAC hosts an annual Gold Medal Exhibition each year along with a number of other smaller public and special museum exhibitions. Headquartered in one of the large bungalows that was part of the historic
Vista del Arroyo Hotel Vista usually refers to a distant view. Vista may also refer to: Software *Windows Vista, the line of Microsoft Windows client operating systems released in 2006 and 2007 *VistA, (Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture) ...
in
Pasadena Pasadena ( ) is a city in Los Angeles County, California, northeast of downtown Los Angeles. It is the most populous city and the primary cultural center of the San Gabriel Valley. Old Pasadena is the city's original commercial district. ...
, the California Art Club has a number of chapters throughout California.


Origins

The history of the California Art Club begins with an earlier organization, The Painters' Club of Los Angeles. On the evening of March 10, 1906 a number of painters who lived in the Los Angeles area met together for the purpose of forming a club. Soon afterward, on the evening of March 17, eleven of these same men met at the studio of
William Swift Daniell William Swift Daniell (1865 – June 28, 1933) was an American painter, and the founder of The Painters' Club of Los Angeles. He built the second studio in the art colony of Laguna Beach, California. Life Daniell was born in 1865 in San Francisc ...
(1865-1933). After some discussion, it was unanimously decided to form a club then and there, and the Painters’ Club of Los Angeles was born with the goal to arrange exhibitions and further the fine arts in Southern California.Antony Anderson, Art and Artists, Los Angeles Times, March 25, 1906; 6,2,5 The eleven founding Charter Members included Antony E. Anderson (1863-1939),
Carl Oscar Borg Carl Oscar (or Oskar) Borg (March 3, 1879 – May 8, 1947) was a Swedish-born painter who settled in the United States and became known for views of California and the SouthWest. Biography Carl Oscar Borg was born into a poor family in Grinsta ...
(1879-1947), William Henry Cole (1870-1955),
Albert Clinton Conner Albert Clinton Conner (September 5, 1848 - April 13, 1929) was an American Impressionist painter who was an integral part of the Richmond Group of painters in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After moving to California, Conner helped found ...
(1848-1929), Frank C. Conner, William Swift Daniell, David H. Dunn, Frank Elwin Evans, Frank Rennsselear Liddell (1864-1923),
Hanson Duvall Puthuff Hanson Duvall Puthuff (August 21, 1875 – May 12, 1972) was a landscape painter and muralist, born in Waverly, Missouri. Puthuff studied at the Art Institute of Chicago before moving to Colorado in 1889 to study at University of Denver Th ...
(1875-1972), and
George Thomas Winterburn George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd Presiden ...
(1865-1953). According to the membership roster, the Painters' Club grew and eventually numbered around 42 members.Membership Roster, Painters' Club of Los Angeles, CAC Archives After several years and a number of exhibitions it became apparent to the members that the scope of the organization, which was open only to male painters, was too limited and a consensus arose to dissolve the organization in order to form one that was wider in scope. The Painters' Club of Los Angeles was disbanded in December 1909, but there would be a new group to follow, "to be called the California Art Club." A core group of members from the Painters' Club -
Charles Percy Austin Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...
(1883-1948), Franz Bischoff (1864-1929), Carl Oscar Borg, Benjamin Chambers Brown (1865-1942), Frank Rennsselear Liddell, Hanson Puthuff, and
William Wendt William Wendt (February 20, 1865, Bentzen, Kingdom of Prussia – December 29, 1946, Laguna Beach) was a German-born American landscape painter. He was called the "Dean of Southern California landscape painters." *Bronze Medal, Buffalo Expositi ...
(1845-1946) - would be instrumental in laying the groundwork for the nascent California Art Club, as well as supplying its first three Presidents.


Founding

The California Art Club was founded in December 1909, immediately after The Painters' Club of Los Angeles was disbanded. Although the date and location of the first club meeting is unknown, the second was held February 5, 1910 in Franz Bischoff's Studio, located at 320 Pasadena Avenue, South Pasadena.Antony Anderson, Art and Artists, Los Angeles Times, February 13, 1910 Among its founding and earliest members were Hector Alliot (1862-1919), Antony E. Anderson (1863-1939),
Charles Percy Austin Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...
, Franz Bischoff,
Carl Oscar Borg Carl Oscar (or Oskar) Borg (March 3, 1879 – May 8, 1947) was a Swedish-born painter who settled in the United States and became known for views of California and the SouthWest. Biography Carl Oscar Borg was born into a poor family in Grinsta ...
, Benjamin Chambers Brown, Mauritz DeHaaff (1877-1948), Allen Durand (1865-1939), Aaron E. Kilpatrick (1872-1953), Frank Rennsselear Liddell, Everett Carroll Maxwell, William A. Matern (1867-1923), Frederick Roland Miner (1876-1935), John Hubbard Rich (1876-1954),
Rob Wagner Robert Leicester Wagner (August 2, 1872 – July 20, 1942) was the editor and publisher of ''Script'', a weekly literary film magazine published in Beverly Hills, California, between 1929 and 1949. Rob Wagner was a magazine writer, screenwrite ...
(1872-1942), Jack Wells r Welles
William Wendt William Wendt (February 20, 1865, Bentzen, Kingdom of Prussia – December 29, 1946, Laguna Beach) was a German-born American landscape painter. He was called the "Dean of Southern California landscape painters." *Bronze Medal, Buffalo Expositi ...
, and most likely Wendt's wife, sculptress
Julia Bracken Wendt Julia Bracken Wendt, (1870–1942) a notable American sculptor, was born on June 10, 1871 in Apple River, Illinois, the twelfth of thirteen children in an Irish Catholic family.Rubenstein, Charlotte Streifer, ‘’American Women Sculptors: A H ...
(1868-1942). One of the main objectives behind the founding of the new club was to expand its membership and encourage others to participate - "No longer limited to male painters based in L.A., the Club opened its membership to women, sculptors and artists living as far away as New York." By the time of the club's Second Annual Exhibition in 1911, membership had increased by about thirty members, including nine women: Helena Adele Dunlap (1876-1955), Helma Heynsen Jahn (1874-1925), Mary Ann Van Alstine Bartow (1848-1924), Alma May Cook (1884-1973), S. Henrietta Dorn Housh (1855-1919),
Helen Hutchinson Helen Hutchinson is a Canadian television personality. She is a former co-anchor of '' W5'' (1979-1987), ''Canada AM'' (1973-1979), '' Arts '73'' and WTN's '' Point of View: Women''. She graduated from University of Toronto with a master of libra ...
(1866-?), Louise Elizabeth Garden MacLeod (1857-1944), Lydie G. Price, and Elizabeth Waggoner. By early 1912 Xarifa Hamilton Towner (1881-?) would also join. Frank Renssellear Liddell served as the first club President from 1909-10. Liddell was succeeded by William Wendt who filled the office of President twice: from 1911-14 as the second President, and from 1917-18 as the fourth. Wendt's terms bookended the club's third President, Benjamin Chambers Brown, who held that office from 1915-16. The organization grew quickly in prestige under Wendt and Brown, connecting itself with the newly formed Museum of History, Science and Art in Exposition Park. The Art Committee of the new museum's Gallery of Fine Arts included at least four CAC members, including Everett C. Maxwell, who was both an Honorary CAC Member as well as Curator of the County Museum Art Gallery. The club began holding its annual exhibitions in the new space less than a year after the new museum was founded, and would continue to do so for more than two decades. As the CAC was being founded, California Impressionism was just beginning to emerge in Southern California. Many club members had studied overseas in European ateliers like the
Académie Delécluse The Académie Delécluse was an atelier-style art school in Paris, France, founded in the late 19th century by the painter Auguste Joseph Delécluse. It was exceptionally supportive of women artists, with more space being given to women students ...
, the Académie Julian, and the
École des Beaux-Arts École des Beaux-Arts (; ) refers to a number of influential art schools in France. The term is associated with the Beaux-Arts style in architecture and city planning that thrived in France and other countries during the late nineteenth centur ...
. Benjamin Brown studied at the Académie Julian with
Jean-Paul Laurens Jean-Paul Laurens (; 28 March 1838 – 23 March 1921) was a French painter and sculptor, and one of the last major exponents of the French Academic style. Biography Laurens was born in Fourquevaux and was a pupil of Léon Cogniet and Alexa ...
(1838-1921) and
Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant (also known as Benjamin-Constant), born Jean-Joseph Constant (10 June 1845 – 26 May 1902), was a French painter and etcher best known for his Oriental subjects and portraits. Biography Benjamin-Constant was bor ...
(1845-1902); Rob Wagner was also a student at Académies Julian and Delécluse. John Hubbard Rich spent four years at the
Art Students League The Art Students League of New York is an art school at 215 West 57th Street in Manhattan, New York City, New York. The League has historically been known for its broad appeal to both amateurs and professional artists. Although artists may stu ...
in New York City, then spent time at the School of the Boston Museum as well as two years studying in Europe. Along with classical atelier painting, the influences of
French Impressionism Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage ...
were starting to be felt. Helena Dunlap studied with
William Merritt Chase William Merritt Chase (November 1, 1849October 25, 1916) was an American painter, known as an exponent of Impressionism and as a teacher. He is also responsible for establishing the Chase School, which later would become Parsons School of Design. ...
(1849-1916) in New York City and André Lhote (1885-1962) in Paris, and Charles Percy Austin was a pupil of
John Twachtman John Henry Twachtman (August 4, 1853 – August 8, 1902) was an American painter best known for his impressionist landscapes, though his painting style varied widely through his career. Art historians consider Twachtman's style of American Impr ...
(1853-1902). Others like Julia Bracken Wendt, William Wendt, and Edgar Payne studied at schools like the
Chicago Art Institute The Art Institute of Chicago in Chicago's Grant Park, founded in 1879, is one of the oldest and largest art museums in the world. Recognized for its curatorial efforts and popularity among visitors, the museum hosts approximately 1.5 mill ...
. Through the work of its artists and its annual exhibitions, the CAC was greatly responsible for popularizing the Impressionist style in California. Authorities like Professor William Gerdts have long identified California Impressionism as a regional variation of
American Impressionism American Impressionism was a style of painting related to European Impressionism and practiced by American artists in the United States from the mid-nineteenth century through the beginning of the twentieth. The style is characterized by loose ...
which was a very broad movement that was loosely bound to the French style. Most American and California Impressionists adopted the painterly brush work, brighter palette and colored shadows of French Impressionism and the elementary practice of sketching outdoors, directly from nature or ''
en plein air ''En plein air'' (; French for 'outdoors'), or ''plein air'' painting, is the act of painting outdoors. This method contrasts with studio painting or academic rules that might create a predetermined look. The theory of 'En plein air' painting ...
''.


Early years and California Impressionism

From its first exhibitions, the California Art Club became identified with Impressionism. In 1913, in the national magazine Arts Journal, the writer E.C. Maxwell wrote that "From a dozen different writers upon subjects pertaining to the development and trend of art in the west, the word has gone forth to the world that California, that land of golden light and purple shadows, is destined in the course of the next few years to give us a new school of landscape painting...Conditions seem right for a renaissance of art in California...If this art epoch of golden prophecy does not come to pass, it will not be the fault of the California Art Club." The activities of the California Art Club were chronicled in the pages of the ''
Los Angeles Times The ''Los Angeles Times'' (abbreviated as ''LA Times'') is a daily newspaper that started publishing in Los Angeles in 1881. Based in the LA-adjacent suburb of El Segundo since 2018, it is the sixth-largest newspaper by circulation in the U ...
'', the ''Herald Examiner'' and the ''
Pasadena Star News The ''Pasadena Star-News'' is a paid local daily newspaper for the greater Pasadena, California area. The Pasadena ''Star-News'' is a member of Southern California News Group (formerly the Los Angeles Newspaper Group), since 1996. It is also part ...
''. The art columnist for the ''Times'', Antony Anderson was a founding member of the club and he was lavish in his praise of its exhibitions and its leaders, men like William Wendt, Benjamin Chambers Brown and Jack Wilkinson Smith. In the club's formative years, meetings were held at locations around Los Angeles, including members homes and studios, various schools and galleries, and the Earl House, 2425 Wilshire Boulevard in Westlake Park. (now
MacArthur Park MacArthur Park (originally Westlake Park) is a park dating back to the late 19th century in the Westlake neighborhood of Los Angeles. In the early 1940s, it was renamed after General Douglas MacArthur, and later designated City of Los Angeles H ...
). By the early 1920s, the club resolved to seek a more permanent location and laid out plans for a building fund with a goal to raise $150,000 primarily by exhibiting and selling artwork. CAC artist and Managing Director Walter Farrington Moses (1874-1947) led the effort of achieving their goal. A one-night exhibition was held at the Los Angeles Philharmonic Auditorium in 1923; included along with smaller donations was “$500 on the spot.” Though the CAC as an organization is most often identified with California Impressionism, some CAC members worked in and experimented with other modes of painting and sculpting. Helena Dunlap (1876-1955), an early CAC member and exhibitor, also went on to found the Modern Art Society of Los Angeles in 1916 with five other CAC members: Bert Cressey (1883-1944), Meta Cressey (1882-1964),
Edgar Keller Edgar is a commonly used English given name, from an Anglo-Saxon name ''Eadgar'' (composed of '' ead'' "rich, prosperous" and '' gar'' "spear"). Like most Anglo-Saxon names, it fell out of use by the later medieval period; it was, however, r ...
(1868-1932), Henrietta Shore (1880-1963) and Karl Yens (1868-1945). At the CAC's Annual Exhibition at Exposition Park in 1931, members Ruth Peabody (1893-1966) and Phil Dike (1906-1990) won top honors for their work, which were dubbed "ultra modern." Another member,
Stanton Macdonald-Wright Stanton Macdonald-Wright (July 8, 1890 – August 22, 1973), was a modern American artist. He was a co-founder of Synchromism, an early abstract, color-based mode of painting, which was the first American avant-garde art movement to receive inte ...
(1890-1973), was a co-creator of Synchromism, an early abstract, color-based mode of painting which influenced artists like Donna Norine Schuster (1883-1953). In 1922
Mabel Alvarez Mabel Alvarez (November 28, 1891 – March 13, 1985) was an American painter. Her works, often introspective and spiritual in nature, and her style is considered a contributing factor to the Southern California Modernism and California Impressio ...
became a member of the Group of Eight, along with Clarence Hinkle, Henri De Kruif, John Hubbard Rich, Donna Schuster, E. Roscoe Shrader, Edouard Vysekal, and Luvena Buchanan Vysekal. Organized largely by the Vyeskals, the group had a basis in the progressive art movement in California. While the painters of the early California Art Club did not adhere to a stylistic code of any kind, they were all representational artists who worked from life, whether it was out doors, from nature or in the studio from models. The California Art Club was part of a broadly representational movement that held sway in California long after more modern styles of painting became popular elsewhere. During the 1910s and the "Roaring 20s" when the American economy bounded back from the post-World War I recession, the California Art Club grew in membership and prestige, but it lacked a permanent clubhouse. That changed in 1926, when the wealthy heiress and art patron
Aline Barnsdall Louise Aline Barnsdall (April 1, 1882 – December 18, 1946) was an American oil heiress, best known as Frank Lloyd Wright's client for the Hollyhock House in Los Angeles, now the centerpiece of the city's Barnsdall Art Park. Biography Born i ...
(1882-1946) gifted her home
Hollyhock House The Aline Barnsdall Hollyhock House in the East Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright originally as a residence for oil heiress Aline Barnsdall (built, 1919–1921). The building is now the centerp ...
, designed by
Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years. Wright played a key role in the architectural movements o ...
, to the CAC to use as its headquarters as a fifteen-year loan. The club moved into the property atop Hollywood, known as Olive Hill, the following year. Gradually, during the 1930s, proponents of more modern movements also began to gain a foothold and younger patrons began to purchase their works instead of those of the California Impressionists.


The Hollyhock House years (1927-42) and the Depression

By 1923, the idea of a new permanent home was gaining momentum. During “an animated meeting” at their temporary headquarters at 623 Park View, the CAC looked at two feasible options:
Aline Barnsdall Louise Aline Barnsdall (April 1, 1882 – December 18, 1946) was an American oil heiress, best known as Frank Lloyd Wright's client for the Hollyhock House in Los Angeles, now the centerpiece of the city's Barnsdall Art Park. Biography Born i ...
had offered the club use of Olive Hill, her estate in Hollywood; a second option comprised another location at “the southwest corner of Grand View and Third Street.” Two years later the idea of a permanent clubhouse was still enthusiastically discussed, but 1925 saw the Club forced to restructure their project due to its being “suspended temporarily on the resignation of the business manager.” Strong interest remained despite the fact that they hadn’t yet reached their fundraising goal. With the Club’s efforts stalled, Aline Barnsdall approached the City of Los Angeles about managing a section of her estate as a cultural arts center. Overlooking Hollywood Boulevard to the east and presenting panoramic views west towards the Pacific Ocean, the 36-acre hilltop estate south of Griffith Park was originally slated to include multiple structures dedicated to the arts. An eventual rift between Barnsdall and architect
Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years. Wright played a key role in the architectural movements o ...
meant that only three buildings would be completed:
Hollyhock House The Aline Barnsdall Hollyhock House in the East Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright originally as a residence for oil heiress Aline Barnsdall (built, 1919–1921). The building is now the centerp ...
, named after Miss Barnsdall’s favorite flower, and two other structures referred to as “Residences A and B.” Eventually in 1926 the City of Los Angeles agreed to take eight acres. The discussions between the City and Miss Barnsdall about how the property could be used included a stipulation that the California Art Club be given a lease on Hollyhock House lasting fifteen years. In the California Art Club Bulletin, the club’s monthly publication, CAC President Edwin Roscoe Shrader (1878-1960) wrote accepting the gift: “Aline Barnsdall has brought to fruition her plans to establish a cultural center amidst the beauty of Olive Hill. The California Art Club happily, gratefully, accepts its share in this great movement and opens on August 31 the palatial home granted to the Club for fifteen years as its new galleries and headquarters.” The club feted Miss Barnsdall at a dinner and made her an Honorary Member. The new clubhouse allowed the CAC to present lectures, club meetings, and black tie exhibition receptions. By early 1929, the CAC had attracted some 5,000 visitors to events and exhibitions at Hollyhock House.California Art Club guest register and scrapbooks, CAC Archives 1927-1961, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. In late 1929, the CAC hosted the first Black American art exhibition in Los Angeles. The exhibit included work by
Henry Ossawa Tanner Henry Ossawa Tanner (June 21, 1859 – May 25, 1937) was an American artist and the first African-American painter to gain international acclaim. Tanner moved to Paris, France, in 1891 to study at the Académie Julian and gained acclaim in Fren ...
and renowned Los Angeles architect, Paul R. Williams. The club initially maintained a semblance of normality during the Depression as monthly club meetings continued to attract members - a “Social Meeting” held on December 19, 1931, was attended by 175 members and guests. Prominent new members joined the club, such as
Colin Campbell Cooper Colin Campbell Cooper, Jr. (March 8, 1856 – November 6, 1937) was an American Impressionist painter, perhaps most renowned for his architectural paintings, especially of skyscrapers in New York City, Philadelphia, and Chicago. An avid traveler, ...
(1856-1937),
Dean Cornwell Dean may refer to: People * Dean (given name) * Dean (surname), a surname of Anglo-Saxon English origin * Dean (South Korean singer), a stage name for singer Kwon Hyuk * Dean Delannoit, a Belgian singer most known by the mononym Dean Titles * ...
(1892-1960), and
Alfredo Ramos Martinez Alfredo (, ) is a cognate of the Anglo-Saxon name Alfred and a common Italian, Galician, Portuguese and Spanish language personal name. People with the given name include: * Alfredo (born 1946), Brazilian footballer born as Alfredo Mostarda F ...
(1872-1946). CAC member
Richard Neutra Richard Joseph Neutra ( ; April 8, 1892 – April 16, 1970) was an Austrian-American architect. Living and building for the majority of his career in Southern California, he came to be considered a prominent and important modernist architect. H ...
debated architecture with Rudolph Schindler, José Clemente Orozco visited a club meeting in April 1930 while working on his murals at Pomona College, and David Alfaro Siqueiros gave a lecture at a dinner in his honor on June 17, 1932. A week before his CAC lecture, Siqueiros had unveiled his first Los Angeles mural, ''Street Meeting'', done on an exterior wall at Chouinard Art School. The group assisting him included CAC members Henri Gilbert de Kruif (1882-1944),
Robert Merrell Gage Robert Merrell Gage (December 26, 1892 – October 30, 1981) was an American sculptor, frequently credited or referred to as Merrell Gage. Biography Gage was born in Topeka, Kansas and studied in the Topeka public schools and at Washburn Universit ...
,
Barse Miller Barse Miller (January 24, 1904 – January 21, 1973) was an American watercolorist, muralist, illustrator, and art educator. He was a professor of Art at Queens College for 26 years. His work is at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Los Angele ...
, Paul Starrett Sample, and
Millard Sheets Millard Owen Sheets (June 24, 1907 – March 31, 1989) was an American artist, teacher, and architectural designer. He was one of the earliest of the California Scene Painting artists and helped define the art movement. Many of his large-scale bu ...
. Gage was then the current CAC President, Sample having held the post in 1931; Miller was 1st Vice President. Siqueiros had consulted with Neutra about new approaches for ''Street Meeting'' that might better withstand the hot and dry Southern California climate. Shortly after his lecture at the Hollyhock House, Siqueiros would begin work on '' América Tropical'' with the help of 29 artists including CAC members Dean Cornwell, Karoly Fulop, and Frederick John Vrain Schwankowsky. The stock market crash of 1929 was the big blow—it meant a decline in exhibition attendance and patronage. Then, as the Great Depression deepened, club membership gradually waned. This decline was somewhat inevitable as the founding members of the CAC aged, moved away or died throughout the 30s and 40s. William Wendt and Edgar Payne were living in Laguna Beach and had become active in the Laguna Beach Art Association. Membership fees for “Artists…and Lay Members” were reduced and it was noted in a bulletin that “a few more new members would enable us to join in the popular sport of ‘Balancing the Budget.’” Also, following the example of other groups, the Club “cancelled all unpaid dues prior to January 1932, providing the current dues erepaid in full.” In addition, it created an Assistance Fund for any member needing financial aid. The deep impact of the Depression on the CAC was seen in “a dwindling membership,” and corroborated reports that “the ollyhockhouse was in pretty bad shape towards the end of heirtenure” when their fifteen-year lease with the Hollyhock House ended in 1942. After briefly giving the club an extension of their lease in January 1942, L.A. Parks Commission forced CAC to abandon Olive Hill by March of that year. The club established a temporary headquarters at Plummer Park until about August 1942, after which they met at the Women’s Club of Hollywood for a year. After the Women's Club, monthly meetings were held at the Masonic Temple from October 1943-February 1945. At the January 26, 1945 meeting at this location, Los Angeles Mayor Fletcher Bowron and Supervisor John Anson Ford were guests.


Postwar years

In 1946 the California Art Club partnered with the Veterans Administration to present the First Annual G.I. Art Exhibit at the Museum of History, Science and Art in Exposition Park. "First prize winners are given membership in the art club for one year with all fees and dues waived." There were forty-one exhibiting G.I. artists in all. In 1947, the CAC (along with other art clubs that exhibited there, including the Painters and Sculptors Club of L.A.) abruptly lost the museum venue where they had held their Annual Exhibitions since 1914. The new museum director, James H. Breasted Jr., wanted to open the venue up to more artists, not just those in the clubs. It didn't go over well, and the headlines made it to Life Magazine: “The outraged artists set up their own canvasses on the museum’s steps and terrace and along the walls as examples of what should have been shown inside. Then they marched around the museum demanding that the director resign. Instead… irectorJames H. Breasted Jr. remained in his oak-doored office and quietly called police. Three radio patrol cars rolled up to the museum’s entrance and a swarm of police waded through canvasses of sunsets, mountain landscapes, pretty nudes and Chinese vases." Without headquarters or an exhibition venue to exhibit their work, meetings and exhibitions were held in less prestigious venues and patronage became a secondary concern. Annual exhibitions were held at venues such as the
Greek Theater Ancient Greek theatre was a theatrical culture that flourished in ancient Greece from 700 BC. The city-state of Athens, which became a significant cultural, political, and religious place during this period, was its centre, where the theatre was ...
in
Griffith Park Griffith Park is a large municipal park at the eastern end of the Santa Monica Mountains, in the Los Feliz neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. The park includes popular attractions such as the Los Angeles Zoo, the Autry Museum of the Ameri ...
(1949–66), Brand Library in Glendale (1979, 1982, 1990), and even a short-lived California Art Club Gallery located at 1309 Westwood Boulevard for a handful of years. Meeting places during this period included Channing Hall at United Methodist Church (March 1945-February 1947) and Rexall Square (September 1947-May 1949), with the group eventually settling into Rancho Golf Club House for two decades (September 1949 – 1969). Victor Matson was President of the California Art Club in 1961 and 1962. He was a landscape painter and an able organizer who had been active in many of the Southland art organizations. By the late 1960s and 1970s, the ranks of the California Art Club consisted primarily of amateur artists, but there was still a small group of professional painters that were active, such as Sam Hyde Harris.


The California Art Club Bulletin 1925-1994

In November 1925, CAC President Shrader wrote in the foreword of the inaugural issue of The California Art Club Bulletin, "The Bulletin will fill a long-felt want in the activities of the Club." Published monthly for nearly 70 years, it reported on club activities, exhibitions, member news, meetings, lectures, and more, both within the club and around greater Los Angeles. After the July 1994 issue, the Bulletin was redesigned and renamed the California Art Club Newsletter, starting with the Summer 1994 issue. It continues to be printed for the Club membership on a quarterly basis and includes articles written by art historians and scholars.


California Art Club Newsletter 1994-present

Published by the California Art Club, the Newsletter is a quarterly journal that documents California's traditional arts heritage, both historic and contemporary. Each issue contains unique essays about artists and art movements written by art historians, museum curators, art writers, and artists. The publication includes "news briefs," club activities, membership news, book reviews, and exhibition listings. Although the California Art Club was established in 1909, the first issue, Volume 1, No. 1, was printed in December 1925 and originally named "The California Art Club Bulletin" with artist Ralph Holmes (1876-1963) as its first editor. The "Bulletin" was published as a monthly periodical to keep members informed of fellow members and the goings-on of the local burgeoning Los Angeles art scene. The publication operated as a volunteer effort and was managed by several editors who were members of the club. However, after the Great Depression,
Modernism Modernism is both a philosophy, philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western world, Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new fo ...
, and
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
, the California Art Club fell on hard times, but still managed to exist, howbeit on a much smaller and scale. With the 1990s resurgence of representational art forms, the California Art Club experienced a revival that was launched in 1993. The organization began to re-brand itself as a prime leader in the contemporary-traditional art movement and recognized the need for a scholarly publication to help further their mission. Under the newly named editor-in-chief Elaine Adams, the June 1994 issue was renamed the "California Art Club Newsletter." Over the years, the Bulletin has expanded from its single front-and-back 8-1/2 x 11 page to its present 36-page quarterly journal printed by Typecraft in Pasadena, California.


List of editors

Artist Ralph Holmes (1876-1963) served as the first editor of the "California Art Club Bulletin" from December 1925 to January 1927. From February 1927 to December 1931, artist Louise Everett (1899-1959) served as editor; and from January to December 1932 John Coolidge was the editor. For ten years the Bulletin took a hiatus until 1942 when Edward Lanser became its editor and changed the publication's name to "C.A.C. Bulletin: The Voice of the California Art Club." Lanser served as its editor until April 1948. Then, under Mary Jarrett who served as the new editor until 1954, the publication was renamed as "The Art Bulletin." Next, artist Vic Carl Houser (1895-1972) served as editor until May 1958; followed by artist Horace "H.E." Edmund Huey until March 1959, and in April 1959 Mary Jarrett returned to serve as editor, and then in June 1960 Vic Carl Houser returned as editor until April 1965. The Bulletin went into hiatus again until April 1968 when it published only one issue that year under Edris N. Baker as the editor. The next issue came out in October 1969 with artist Kaffy Reinhardt as the editor. Ruth Jones served as editor of the Bulletin until May 1994. Elaine Adams became editor-in-chief and renamed the publication as the "California Art Club Newsletter," which continues today in 2017 under her management.


Revival of the CAC

By the early 1990s the membership of the California Art Club had been severely reduced.
Peter Seitz Adams Peter Seitz Adams (born August 27, 1950, Los Angeles) is an American artist. His body of work focuses on landscapes and seascapes created en plein air in oil or pastel as well as enigmatic figure and still-life paintings. He is noted for his colo ...
, a member in earlier years (he exhibited in the 68th Annual Gold Medal Exhibition in 1977), was contacted by longtime patron member Verna Gunther and 43rd CAC President Charles I. Harris (1922-2012) to take over the helm of the neglected California Art Club; Adams was elected the 44th President of the California Art Club in October 1993. His wife, Elaine Adams, managed the business of the organization, eventually becoming the Executive Director and CEO. In June 1994 Elaine Adams became editor-in-chief of the CAC Bulletin and immediately changed its name to the California Art Club Newsletter and soon expanded the publication to include scholarly articles about art history and profiles on contemporary artists of the CAC. The first wave of painters to join the reorganized California Art Club included Dan Goozeé, Steve Huston, Stephen E. Mirich,
William Stout William Stout (born September 18, 1949) is an American fantasy artist and illustrator with a specialization in paleontological art. His paintings have been shown in over seventy exhibitions, including twelve one-man shows. He has worked on over ...
and Tim Solliday (December 1993), (January 1994), Alexey Steele and Jove Wang (February 1994), Daniel W. Pinkham and Sunny Apinchapong-Yang (June 1994), Meredith B. Abbott, John Budicin, Marcia Burtt, Karl Dempwolf, Richard Rackus, Roy Rose, and Leonid Steele (July 1994). A number of these artists consisted of students of
Theodore Lukits Theodore Nikolai Lukits (November 26, 1897 – January 20, 1992) was a Romanian American portrait and landscape painter. His initial fame came from his portraits of glamorous actresses of the silent film era, but since his death, his Asian-inspir ...
(1897-1992) or the Russian landscape and figurative painter Sergei Bongart (1918–1985), both of whom had been CAC members themselves.


Gold Medal Exhibition

The Gold Medal Exhibition is held each spring. Previous locations include: the
Autry Museum of the American West The Autry Museum of the American West is a museum in Los Angeles, California, dedicated to exploring an inclusive history of the American West. Founded in 1988, the museum presents a wide range of exhibitions and public programs, including le ...
,
Pasadena Museum of History Pasadena Museum of History is a private, nonprofit museum and research library located in Pasadena, California. It is the only institution dedicated to the history, art and culture of historic Pasadena and the west San Gabriel Valley. Headquarte ...
, USC Fisher Museum of Art,
Pasadena Museum of California Art The Pasadena Museum of California Art (PMCA) was an art museum located in Pasadena, California, United States, showcasing art and design originating from California. The museum was founded by long-time Pasadena residents and art collectors Robert ...
, and Luckman Fine Arts Complex at California State University, Los Angeles. Works are juried into the exhibition. Previously, at least two Gold Medals were awarded at each exhibition, but sometimes numbered as many as five per exhibition. The medals were voted on by the participating artist members of the organization. However, in 2016 the practice of presenting awards was discontinued. The look and design of the medals changed throughout the years and were created by various club members. Along with the award medals given out at the Annual Exhibitions, the practice of which dates back at least to 1926, there were a number of Memorial Medals, Silver Medals, and Medals of Honor that were given to members to honor their services and special contributions to the Club. In particular is the Medal of Honor created by Philip Paval around 1953. This medal was awarded in 1954 to
Sir Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom twice, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and again from 1 ...
when the statesman was invited by Paval to join the Club as an Honorary CAC Member. Churchill accepted and the medal is presently on display in the Collection of Chartwell House in the U.K.


Special exhibitions

In 1996, the California Art Club organized the California Wetlands Exhibition at the
Natural History Museum A natural history museum or museum of natural history is a scientific institution with natural history collections that include current and historical records of animals, plants, fungi, ecosystems, geology, paleontology, climatology, and more. ...
in historic Exposition Park in Los Angeles. In May through August 1998, the CAC mounted Treasures of the Sierra Nevada at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The Carnegie Museum in
Oxnard, California Oxnard () is a city in Ventura County, California, United States. On California's South Coast, it is the most populous city in Ventura County and the 22nd-most-populous city in California. Incorporated in 1903, Oxnard lies approximately west ...
, hosted a large exhibition of works by painters from the California Art Club in 1994, entitled, "The California Art Club: 85 Years of Art". In 1997, a traveling exhibition which contrasted the work of American Impressionists and Classical Realist painters from the East and Midwestern United States along with the California Impressionists titled, "East Coast Ideals West Coast Concepts," traveled from the Carnegie Museum in Oxnard to the Springville Museum of Art in
Springville, Utah Springville is a city in Utah County, Utah that is part of the Provo–Orem metropolitan area. The population was 35,268 in 2020, according to the United States Census. Springville is a bedroom community for commuters who work in the Provo-Ore ...
to the Academy of Art College in San Francisco. The California Art Club also organized and sponsored a traveling exhibition entitled, "Theodore Lukits, An American Orientalist," dedicated to the Asian-themed works of Thedore Lukits, who had first been a member of the California Art Club in 1922 and was later made a Life Member. This exhibition of colorful still lifes and figurative works originated at the
Pacific Asia Museum USC Pacific Asia Museum is an Asian art museum located at 46 N. Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, California, United States. The museum was founded in 1971 by the Pacificulture Foundation, which purchased "The Grace Nicholson Treasure House of Orienta ...
in the fall of 1998 and traveled to the Carnegie Art Museum in the winter of 1998 and 1999, then concluded at the Muckenthaller Cultural Center in Fullerton, California, in the Spring of 1999. Later in 1999, the California Art Club began a relationship with the Frederick R. Weisman Museum of Art at
Pepperdine University Pepperdine University () is a private research university affiliated with the Churches of Christ with its main campus in Los Angeles County, California. Pepperdine's main campus consists of 830 acres (340 ha) overlooking the Pacific Ocean and th ...
in Malibu with the exhibition entitled, "On Location in Malibu".


Membership

The California Art Club membership is broad, with fewer than 2,000 members in a number of categories of membership. Signature Members are the most established painters who have been approved for membership by their peers from the ranks of Artist Members. Artist Members are juried into the organization from new applicants and the ranks of the Painting Patron Members. There is a category for out of state artist members, enabling the group the benefit of having the work of some of America's best traditional painters. There is also a large membership of Patron Members and also a Collector's Circle, which requires a donation to the organization.


Exhibitions

* Altadena Town & Country Club * Annual Gold Medal Exhibitions (1911–present) * CAC Gallery at the
Old Mill Old Mill may refer to: Animations *''The Old Mill'', a 1937 Academy Award-winning ''Silly Symphonies'' cartoon produced by Walt Disney *'' The Old Mill Pond'', a 1936 Academy Award nominated short film directed by Hugh Harman Places Canada * Old ...
, San Marino, CA (1999–present) * Frederick R. Weisman Museum of Art, Pepperdine University, Malibu (2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2015) * Marston's Restaurant, Pasadena (2005–present)


Selected past exhibition venues

* Autry Museum of the American West (2012, 2014, 2016-2017) * Bakersfield Museum of Art (2011) * Barker Brothers, Los Angeles (1946) * Barnsdall Park (1927-1942) * Bloomingdale's, New York City (1944) * Bullock's, Los Angeles (1944) * The Historic Blinn House, Pasadena (2001-2011) * The Bowers Museum of Cultural Art (1997-2003) * CAC Gallery, 1309 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles (1974) * CAC Gallery, 1027 West Seventh St, Los Angeles (1922) * CAC Gallery, No. 424 Copp Building, Los Angeles (1914) * Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels (2014, 2010) * Carnegie Museum of Art, Oxnard (2014) * The Ebell of Los Angeles (various 1950s-1970s) * Judson Gallery and Studios, Los Angeles (1997) * Greek Theater, Los Angeles (1949-1966) * Long Beach Museum of Art (2010) * Muckenthaler Cultural Center, Fullerton (1998) * Mission San Juan Capistrano (1995-2003) * Museum of History, Science, and Art, Exposition Park, Los Angeles (Annual Gold Medal Exhibitions, 1914-1938) * Occidental College (1946) * Oceanside Art Museum (2011) * Olaf Wieghorst Museum (2014, 2015) * Pasadena Museum of California Art (Annual Gold Medal Exhibitions, 2003-2011) * Pasadena Museum of History (2000-2002) * Phippen Museum, Prescott, AZ (2000) * San Diego Museum of Fine Arts (1920) * San Luis Obispo Museum of Art (2011) * Santa Paula Art Museum (2014) Sources:


Members

Sources:


Notable current members

*
Peter Seitz Adams Peter Seitz Adams (born August 27, 1950, Los Angeles) is an American artist. His body of work focuses on landscapes and seascapes created en plein air in oil or pastel as well as enigmatic figure and still-life paintings. He is noted for his colo ...
(born 1950) * Armand Cabrera (born 1955) * Karl Dempwolf (born 1939) *
Tony Pro Tony Pro (born September 1973) is an American realist painter known for his paintings of the human figure, still life, and landscapes. He studied art in Westlake Village at the California Art Institute under the illustrator Glen Orbik. In 200 ...
(born 1973) * Tim Solliday (born 1952)


See also

*
Landscape art Landscape painting, also known as landscape art, is the depiction of natural scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests, especially where the main subject is a wide view—with its elements arranged into a coherent composi ...
* California Tonalism *
Decorative Impressionism Decorative Impressionism is an art historical term that is credited to the art writer Christian Brinton, who first used it in 1911. Brinton titled an article on the American expatriate painter Frederick Carl Frieseke, one of the members of the f ...


Notes


References

* Morseburg, Jeffrey, ''The Return of the California Impressionists'', Art of California, Unpublished Manuscript * Trenton, Patricia & Gerdts, William, California Light: 1900–1930, Laguna Beach Museum of Art, Exhibition Catalog, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, 1992 * Morseburg, Jeffrey, Theodore Lukits: The Jonathan Art Foundation Collection, Johnathan Club, Los Angeles, 2010 * Morseburg, Jeffrey, ''Theodore Lukits: An American Orientalist'', Exhibition Catalog, Foreword by David Kamansky, Pacific Asia Museum, Pasadena, California, 1998 * Adams, Peter & Adams, Elaine, ''East Coast Ideals, West Coast Concepts'', Carnegie Museum, Oxnard, California Introduction by Suzanne Bellah, Exhibition Catalog, 1997 * Stern, Jean, ''Treasures of the Sierra Nevada'', Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Exhibition Catalog, 1998 * Susan Landauer, Ph.D., "The California Art Club, A History", ''American Art Review'', March 1996, p. 44–51


External links

*
Springville Museum of Art, Site of CAC Special Exhibitions



Weisman Museum, Pepperdine, Venue for Special ''On Location in Malibu'' Exhibitions

Web site Devoted to the Life and Art of Thedore Lukits, CAC Life Member

Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art, Collection of Plein-Air Pastels including CAC Members Living and Deceased

Pacific Asia Museum Web Site, Venue for CAC Special Exhibitions

American Legacy Fine Arts Representative for several CAC signature members

The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Venue for Special Exhibitions

National Academy of Design, New York, Allied Organization
{{Authority control American artist groups and collectives Art in Greater Los Angeles Art in California Clubs and societies in California Organizations based in Los Angeles Non-profit organizations based in California . American art movements American Impressionism Landscape art by school Arts organizations established in 1909 1909 establishments in California